The Essential Guide to Requirements Management and Traceability
Chapters
- 1. Requirements Management
- Overview
- 1 What is Requirements Management?
- 2 Why do you need Requirements Management?
- 3 Four Fundamentals of Requirements Management
- 4 Adopting an Agile Approach to Requirements Management
- 5 Status Request Changes
- 6 Conquering the 5 Biggest Challenges of Requirements Management
- 7 Three Reasons You Need a Requirements Management Solution
- 2. Writing Requirements
- Overview
- 1 Functional requirements examples and templates
- 2 Identifying and Measuring Requirements Quality
- 3 How to write system requirement specification (SRS) documents
- 4 The Fundamentals of Business Requirements: Examples of Business Requirements and the Importance of Excellence
- 5 Adopting the EARS Notation to Improve Requirements Engineering
- 6 Jama Connect Advisor™
- 7 Frequently Asked Questions about the EARS Notation and Jama Connect Advisor™
- 8 How to Write an Effective Product Requirements Document (PRD)
- 9 Functional vs. Non-Functional Requirements
- 10 What Are Nonfunctional Requirements and How Do They Impact Product Development?
- 11 Characteristics of Effective Software Requirements and Software Requirements Specifications (SRS)
- 12 8 Do’s and Don’ts for Writing Requirements
- 3. Requirements Gathering and Management Processes
- Overview
- 1 Requirements Engineering
- 2 Requirements Analysis
- 3 A Guide to Requirements Elicitation for Product Teams
- 4 Requirements Gathering Techniques for Agile Product Teams
- 5 What is Requirements Gathering?
- 6 Defining and Implementing a Requirements Baseline
- 7 Managing Project Scope — Why It Matters and Best Practices
- 8 How Long Do Requirements Take?
- 4. Requirements Traceability
- Overview
- 1 What is Traceability?
- 2 Tracing Your Way to Success: The Crucial Role of Traceability in Modern Product and Systems Development
- 3 Change Impact Analysis (CIA): A Short Guide for Effective Implementation
- 4 What is Requirements Traceability and Why Does It Matter for Product Teams?
- 5 Key Traceability Challenges and Tips for Ensuring Accountability and Efficiency
- 6 Unraveling the Digital Thread: Enhancing Connectivity and Efficiency
- 7 The Role of a Data Thread in Product and Software Development
- 8 How to Create and Use a Requirements Traceability Matrix
- 9 Traceability Matrix 101: Why It’s Not the Ultimate Solution for Managing Requirements
- 10 Live Traceability vs. After-the-Fact Traceability
- 11 How to Overcome Organizational Barriers to Live Requirements Traceability
- 12 Requirements Traceability, What Are You Missing?
- 13 Four Best Practices for Requirements Traceability
- 14 Requirements Traceability: Links in the Chain
- 15 What Are the Benefits of End-to-End Traceability During Product Development?
- 5. Requirements Management Tools and Software
- Overview
- 1 Selecting the Right Requirements Management Tools and Software
- 2 Why Investing in Requirements Management Software Makes Business Sense During an Economic Downturn
- 3 Why Word and Excel Alone is Not Enough for Product, Software, and Systems Development
- 4 Application lifecycle management (ALM)
- 5 Is There Life After DOORS®?
- 6 Checklist: Selecting a Requirements Management Tool
- 6. Requirements Validation and Verification
- 7. Meeting Regulatory Compliance and Industry Standards
- Overview
- 1 Understanding ISO Standards
- 2 Understanding ISO/IEC 27001: A Guide to Information Security Management
- 3 What is DevSecOps? A Guide to Building Secure Software
- 4 Compliance Management
- 5 What is FMEA? Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
- 6 TÜV SÜD: Ensuring Safety, Quality, and Sustainability Worldwide
- 8. Systems Engineering
- 9. Automotive Development
- 10. Medical Device & Life Sciences Development
- Overview
- 1 The Importance of Benefit-Risk Analysis in Medical Device Development
- 2 Software as a Medical Device: Revolutionizing Healthcare
- 3 What’s a Design History File, and How Are DHFs Used by Product Teams?
- 4 Navigating the Risks of Software of Unknown Pedigree (SOUP) in the Medical Device & Life Sciences Industry
- 5 What is ISO 13485? Your Comprehensive Guide to Compliant Medical Device Manufacturing
- 6 What You Need to Know: ANSI/AAMI SW96:2023 — Medical Device Security
- 7 ISO 13485 vs ISO 9001: Understanding the Differences and Synergies
- 8 Failure Modes, Effects, and Diagnostic Analysis (FMEDA) for Medical Devices: What You Need to Know
- 9 Embracing the Future of Healthcare: Exploring the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)
- 11. Aerospace & Defense Development
- 12. Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC industry) Development
- Glossary
Chapter 11: ARP4754A / ED-79A: Enhancing Safety in Aviation Development
Chapters
- 1. Requirements Management
- Overview
- 1 What is Requirements Management?
- 2 Why do you need Requirements Management?
- 3 Four Fundamentals of Requirements Management
- 4 Adopting an Agile Approach to Requirements Management
- 5 Status Request Changes
- 6 Conquering the 5 Biggest Challenges of Requirements Management
- 7 Three Reasons You Need a Requirements Management Solution
- 2. Writing Requirements
- Overview
- 1 Functional requirements examples and templates
- 2 Identifying and Measuring Requirements Quality
- 3 How to write system requirement specification (SRS) documents
- 4 The Fundamentals of Business Requirements: Examples of Business Requirements and the Importance of Excellence
- 5 Adopting the EARS Notation to Improve Requirements Engineering
- 6 Jama Connect Advisor™
- 7 Frequently Asked Questions about the EARS Notation and Jama Connect Advisor™
- 8 How to Write an Effective Product Requirements Document (PRD)
- 9 Functional vs. Non-Functional Requirements
- 10 What Are Nonfunctional Requirements and How Do They Impact Product Development?
- 11 Characteristics of Effective Software Requirements and Software Requirements Specifications (SRS)
- 12 8 Do’s and Don’ts for Writing Requirements
- 3. Requirements Gathering and Management Processes
- Overview
- 1 Requirements Engineering
- 2 Requirements Analysis
- 3 A Guide to Requirements Elicitation for Product Teams
- 4 Requirements Gathering Techniques for Agile Product Teams
- 5 What is Requirements Gathering?
- 6 Defining and Implementing a Requirements Baseline
- 7 Managing Project Scope — Why It Matters and Best Practices
- 8 How Long Do Requirements Take?
- 4. Requirements Traceability
- Overview
- 1 What is Traceability?
- 2 Tracing Your Way to Success: The Crucial Role of Traceability in Modern Product and Systems Development
- 3 Change Impact Analysis (CIA): A Short Guide for Effective Implementation
- 4 What is Requirements Traceability and Why Does It Matter for Product Teams?
- 5 Key Traceability Challenges and Tips for Ensuring Accountability and Efficiency
- 6 Unraveling the Digital Thread: Enhancing Connectivity and Efficiency
- 7 The Role of a Data Thread in Product and Software Development
- 8 How to Create and Use a Requirements Traceability Matrix
- 9 Traceability Matrix 101: Why It’s Not the Ultimate Solution for Managing Requirements
- 10 Live Traceability vs. After-the-Fact Traceability
- 11 How to Overcome Organizational Barriers to Live Requirements Traceability
- 12 Requirements Traceability, What Are You Missing?
- 13 Four Best Practices for Requirements Traceability
- 14 Requirements Traceability: Links in the Chain
- 15 What Are the Benefits of End-to-End Traceability During Product Development?
- 5. Requirements Management Tools and Software
- Overview
- 1 Selecting the Right Requirements Management Tools and Software
- 2 Why Investing in Requirements Management Software Makes Business Sense During an Economic Downturn
- 3 Why Word and Excel Alone is Not Enough for Product, Software, and Systems Development
- 4 Application lifecycle management (ALM)
- 5 Is There Life After DOORS®?
- 6 Checklist: Selecting a Requirements Management Tool
- 6. Requirements Validation and Verification
- 7. Meeting Regulatory Compliance and Industry Standards
- Overview
- 1 Understanding ISO Standards
- 2 Understanding ISO/IEC 27001: A Guide to Information Security Management
- 3 What is DevSecOps? A Guide to Building Secure Software
- 4 Compliance Management
- 5 What is FMEA? Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
- 6 TÜV SÜD: Ensuring Safety, Quality, and Sustainability Worldwide
- 8. Systems Engineering
- 9. Automotive Development
- 10. Medical Device & Life Sciences Development
- Overview
- 1 The Importance of Benefit-Risk Analysis in Medical Device Development
- 2 Software as a Medical Device: Revolutionizing Healthcare
- 3 What’s a Design History File, and How Are DHFs Used by Product Teams?
- 4 Navigating the Risks of Software of Unknown Pedigree (SOUP) in the Medical Device & Life Sciences Industry
- 5 What is ISO 13485? Your Comprehensive Guide to Compliant Medical Device Manufacturing
- 6 What You Need to Know: ANSI/AAMI SW96:2023 — Medical Device Security
- 7 ISO 13485 vs ISO 9001: Understanding the Differences and Synergies
- 8 Failure Modes, Effects, and Diagnostic Analysis (FMEDA) for Medical Devices: What You Need to Know
- 9 Embracing the Future of Healthcare: Exploring the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)
- 11. Aerospace & Defense Development
- 12. Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC industry) Development
- Glossary
ARP4754A / ED-79A: Enhancing Safety in Aviation Development
Safety is always put first in the aviation sector. Strict adherence to rules and demanding standards helps to preserve this commitment to safety. This is where ARP4754A, a significant standard, comes into play. In this blog post, we will discuss the importance and function of ARP4754A (and its EASA equivalent ED-79A, henceforth ARP4754A) and how it impacts the design of civil aircraft and systems.
Understanding ARP4754
ARP4754A, commonly known as “Guidelines for Development of Civil Aircraft and Systems,” is an industry standard published by SAE International. Its goal is to create a structured procedure for the development and certification of aircraft and related equipment in order to guarantee adherence to safety rules. From initial concept to final certification, these rules are intended to serve as a reference for engineers, designers, and manufacturers. ARP4754A is recognized as an appropriate standard for aircraft system development and certification. The corresponding EASA Acceptable Means of Compliance AMC 25.1309 (included as a section of CS-25) does recognize ARP4754/ED–79 as well.
RELATED ARTICLE: Jama Connect® Airborne Systems Solution Overview
Purpose and Objectives
ARP4754A’s main goal is to increase aviation safety by encouraging a methodical and uniform approach to designing and developing aircraft and systems. It aims to reduce risks and dangers related to aircraft operations by resolving potential flaws and vulnerabilities. The standard’s goals consist of:
- Safety Assessment: ARP4754A stresses performing in-depth safety evaluations to pinpoint dangers, weigh the risks, and put in place the right countermeasures. Revision A, specifically addresses functional safety and the design assurance process.
- System Development: It offers recommendations for the development of aviation systems, including requirements management, verification and validation, and configuration management.
- Considerations for Certification: ARP4754A guarantees that systems and aircraft adhere to legal criteria and certification procedures, supporting their secure integration into the aviation industry.
Development Lifecycle
The development lifecycle outlined by ARP4754A recommends adherence to established systems engineering principles and emphasizes the significance of iterative and incremental procedures, stakeholder collaboration, and requirement traceability throughout the lifecycle stages. The typical key processes covered by ARP4754A are well-defined:
- Planning Process: This stage defines the means of producing an aircraft or system which will satisfy the aircraft/system requirements and provide the level of confidence which is consistent with airworthiness requirements.
- Safety Assessment Process: Prescribes close interactions between the safety assessment process and system development process to capture safety requirements imposed on the design.
- Architecture Planning and Development: The system architecture is established, including hardware, software, and interfaces
- Requirements Process: Detailed system requirements are defined, considering functional, performance, security, and safety aspects.
- Design Process: Detailed hardware and software item requirements are defined and allocated to system requirements.
- Implementation Process: The system components are developed, integrated, and tested according to the defined design requirements.
- Verification and Validation Process: This includes the activities necessary to demonstrate that the item requirements are complete, correct, and consistent with the system needs and architecture.
- Integral Processes: ARP4754A describes additional processes that are applicable across all of the above processes. They are: Safety Assessment; Development Assurance Level Assignment; Requirements Capture; Requirements Validation; Configuration Management; Process Assurance; Certification & Regulatory Authority Coordination
RELATED ARTICLE: What Are DO-178C and ED-12C?
Impact on Aviation Safety
The policy related to ARP4754A plays a crucial role in ensuring safety in the aviation industry. It employs a step-by-step approach to identify and address potential hazards and risks during the early stages of development. This policy prioritizes safety assessments, risk reduction, and thorough testing, ultimately minimizing the chances of any mishaps or incidents in practical scenarios.
Moreover, ARP4754A promotes a culture of collaboration where stakeholders can effectively share knowledge and communicate throughout the development process. This ensures that safety concerns are addressed, and all parties involved have a clear understanding of their respective roles and responsibilities. The result is a coordinated effort that leads to a successful outcome.
Conclusion
The aviation industry relies heavily on ARP4754A as a fundamental benchmark and acceptable means of compliance for the development of civil aircraft and systems. By adhering to a structured approach to development, it ensures aviation safety and minimizes possible risks. Its systematic lifecycle stages, emphasis on safety assessments, and compliance with certification requirements significantly contribute to the overall reliability and integrity of aviation products. Even as the aviation industry progresses, ARP4754A remains a critical reference point, promoting a safety-first mindset and reinforcing the industry’s dedication to passenger safety.
Note: This article was drafted with the aid of AI. Additional content, edits for accuracy, and industry expertise by Decoteau Wilkerson and Cary Bryczek.
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ARP4754A is an aviation industry safety standard published by SAE International.
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